The English and Irish Isles are a pub-based society. The local watering holes are just another accepted part of their day-to-day culture. Angelo-Irish Pubs conjures up such archetypical names like the “Rose and Crown Pub” or the “White Horse Tavern”, but there are others out there that are … well, out there. Here’s just a sampling of some great, real pub names that I couldn’t help but get a chuckle from.
Saturday, January 30, 2010
Some of the Best Pub Names...
The English and Irish Isles are a pub-based society. The local watering holes are just another accepted part of their day-to-day culture. Angelo-Irish Pubs conjures up such archetypical names like the “Rose and Crown Pub” or the “White Horse Tavern”, but there are others out there that are … well, out there. Here’s just a sampling of some great, real pub names that I couldn’t help but get a chuckle from.
Tuesday, January 26, 2010
Brewing Websites: BrauKaiser.com
- Decoction Mashing (with a 3 part ‘How-To’ Video)
- Determining Home Water Composition
- Yeast Culturing
- Lager Fermentation
- German History of Brewing
Friday, January 22, 2010
Beer-Related Ideas That Make You Say “WTF?!?”
Inventor: Kineo Okada
Ariake Japan Company - “The Fine Flavor of Nature” (that's seriously their slogan)
"Timed drinking vessel"
United States Patent No.: 6,747,918 (issued: June 8, 2004)
Inventors: Hight et al
I’m trying to image the eureka moment that conceptualized this one. “A conventional drinking vessel holds a beverage, but gives no information to (the drinker’s) rate of consumption.” Never mind the clock on the wall, what a drinker really needs is an on-board timer to determine how fast they can empty their glass. Whether to pace the enjoyment or to record the fastest chugging time, the Timed Drinking Mug is “a drinking vessel which automatically monitors the rate at which an individual consumes a beverage. (It) would be welcomed by consumers of beverages.” I'm not sure if "welcomed" is the right word.
"The Beerbrella"
United States Patent No.: 6,637,447 (issued: Oct 28, 2003)
Inventors: McMullin et al
Right in line with the Timed Drinking Vessel, the Beerbrella is an invention determined to improve your drinking experience. It “provides a small umbrella which may be removably attached to a beverage container in order to shade the beverage container from the direct rays of the sun.” Not only does it protect your brew from those pesky UV rays, it “may also be used to prevent rain or other precipitation from contaminating a beverage.” There's an infomercial in there somwhere ... or at least a Miller 'Tailgate Approved" commercial.
"Filled Beer Glass Shaped Condom"
United States Patent No.: D591,580 (issued: May 5, 2009)
Inventor: Brian Osterberg
I don’t have much to say about this one – the name and picture says it all. If your chick is such a beer lover that this turns her on…god bless you!
"Method and apparatus for making a drink hop along a bar or counter"
United States Patent No.: 5,678, 617 (issued: Oct 21, 1997)
Inventors: Kuyendal et al
Of all the above inventions, this one is the one that screams collegiate frat house boredom turned into a “WTF” invention. What does it do? It’s “a novelty device for … a bar whereby when a patron orders a specific drink ... (and the) drink then seems to hop from some remote spot on the bar and takes one or more leaps, ultimately landing in the patron’s glass.” Remember those jumping water fountains you used to see in malls or amusement parts as a kid? Well, this one is for beer.
What I get the biggest kick out of is the amount of detail that the inventors put into the patent. I mean, in the figure shown above, there are 88 independent components called out – someone actually spent considerable time flushing this out. And there are 10 other figures in the patent, many of them equally as intricate. That's some dedication.
There are hundreds more of these head-scratchin' ideas floating around there – if you happen to bump into any other “WTF” beer-related ideas/patents, drop me a line.
Slainte
-JW
“He was a wise man who invented beer”
-Plato
Tuesday, January 19, 2010
Tasting Homebrew at Club Meetings

- Tastings allow club members to get feedback on their homebrew and collaboratively troubleshoot problems.
- They provide the opportunity for club members to be exposed to new beer styles.
- Tastings support internal competitions, such as the American Homebrewing Association's Club Only Competitions
- They create an enjoyable social forum that club members that I have spoken with consider some of the most important events they attend.
So, how do you find out if there are legal restrictions on homebrew tasting

- Do your research. Most state alcohol governing bodies post their regulations on the internet (for example, Virginia regulations can be found here). The more research you can do up front, the stronger your case.
- Contact other homebrewing clubs in your state to determine how or if they conduct tastings. In cases where the actual regulations are vague or confusing, showing how the regulations are actually put into practice can be persuasive.
- Formalize your findings into a written letter that can be sent to an agent of the state's regulating body. It is easier to present arguments in a written form than trying to do so on a telephone call. Additionally, the letter gives you something to fall back to, if needed, at a later date.
- Work with commercial establishments that are interested in hosting your club meetings and be up front about your club's intentions. Their business would most likely be the one held liable if a formal inquiry regarding the tastings is started by the state's regulatory body. If this is the case, your club's relationship with them might be damaged.
Wednesday, January 13, 2010
Single Hop Beer Experiment

This train of thought cumulated in organizing a Single Hop Beer Experiment with my local homebrew club (RIFT). The concept is simple: gather a bunch of volunteer brewers and have everyone brew the same American Pale Ale recipe, but everyone use a different, single hop variety. When complete, go through a flight of all the beers side-by-side. The results will be (at least I hope) a good opportunity for our club members to pick out and identify the different flavor and aroma contributions of the different hops. (To make the tasting even more useful, consider having a hop summary sheet on hand tasters to reference - or if your group is really into it, use full data sheets).

The particular challenge of this project is to make sure each beer is similar, with the only difference being the hop different hop variety used. This means the same malt bill, the same yeast, the same fermentation profile, etc. It also means normalizing each beer to have similar bitterness levels (a challenge given the varying alpha acids in the varieties).
In combating the different alpha values, we devised an APA recipe having four hop additions: at 60 minute, 15 minute, 1 minute, and a Dry Hop. The flavor addition (15m), aroma addition (1m), and dry hop are kept the same across all beers (i.e. 0.5 oz, 0.5 oz, and 1 oz respectively). The only the bittering addition (60m) is adjusted, allowing the bittering level to be controlled without impacting the flavor and aroma contributions. (The flavor and aroma additions do add a few IBU based on the alpha acid, but this is compensated for when computing the bittering addition.)
To make it as simple as possible for our volunteer brewers, all the IBU calculations were computed ahead of time (for a 4-15 alpha acid range) and the recipe/instructions listed below was distributed for our club's event (the RIFT Single Hop Beer Pale Ale Experiment). I should point out that the APA recipe is based on Jamil Zainasheff’s APA recipe from Brewing Classic Styles.
As of this posting, the following hop varieties have been 'volunteered for' and are being used in the different beers: Centennial, Amarillo, Cascade, Williamette, Northern Brewer, Saaz, Summit, and Mt. Hood.
American Pale Ale
Targets / Assumptions:
OG: 1.056
FG: 1.013
IBU: ~35
Color 6 SRM
ABV: 5.7%
Boil: 60 minutes
Fermentation: Primary Fermentation at 67° F for 10-18 days
Carbonate: 2 – 2.5 volumes
Reference Notes:
[1] - Recipe designed to leave 6 gallons of wort in kettle at end of boil. Adjust pre-boil volume based on your system.
[2] - All-Grain recipe calculated with a 75% brewhouse efficiency. Adjust as needed for your system.
[3] - All hops are assumed to be pellet hops. Adjust accordingly if you use whole cone hops.
[4] - IBUs calculated using the Rager formula (assumes boil volume is 7 gallons).
Looking at the entire endeavor, a few pitfalls can be identified in the project’s concept. These ‘watch-outs’ are listed below in the chance anyone reading this post takes any guidance or inspiration for their own event.
- Hops used by homebrewers can vary in alpha acid content from what is labeled on the package (whether from age, crop variations, poor handling, etc). All the beer recipe programs have functions to model alpha acid degradation, but it mostly just a guess and a crap-shoot.
- Everyone’s system results in different hop utilization efficiencies. Put faith in your brewers that they have a feel for their systems and let them compensate where they think they may need to.
- Malt character in the beers may vary based on the individual’s mashing and fermentation equipment and/or process. The above recipe is hop-forward and tries to keep the malt characteristics in the background – the hope is the hop varieties’ character will overshadow malt character variations, allowing tasters focus on the contributions from the specific hop.

The results from the first Single Hop Beer Experiment done by the Rhode Island Fermentation Technicians can be found here. Additionally, the results from second round of Single Hop Beer Experiments can be found here.
If you have any suggestions on how to make this project better, or have other ideas on exploring different hop varieties, please let us know!
-JW
"Brewers enjoy working to make beer as much as drinking beer instead of working."
-Harold Rudolph
Saturday, January 9, 2010
Importance of Rotating Leadership
A homebrewing club is only as good as its members. The members that drive and organize the club make up the club's leadership. Instituting revolving leadership roles withing the club helps refresh the club and shares the burden of organizing events. The topic of rotating leadership within the club is currently under discussion in my club, the Charlottesville Area Masters of Real Ale (CAMRA). Two friends and I founded CAMRA three years ago because there had not been a functioning club in our area for more than 10 years. Since its inception, we have worked to build CAMRA into a self-sufficient organization, being very careful to allow it to grow organically. We intentionally did not establish a strict structure for the club, or lock in its goals or intentions. We were looking for the club to define itself, rather than have us define it. This guiding principal has made things difficult at times, given the club's flexible nature, but I think the effort has been worth it.
Our intentions are to push for club leadership elections in the near future, if we can manage it. We believe this is important for several reasons, including:
- Getting new energy and insight into the club,
- Fostering shared accountability amongst club members,
- Allowing leadership to become independent of the founders, and
- The simple fact that we need a break from work associated with leading the organization
What are your club's leadership rotation policies and how important do you feel they are to overall club health? Leave us a comment and let us know what you think.
A few ideas that you could take to encourage rotating club leadership, include:
- Ensuring that your club's bylaws include set periods for new officer elections,
- Setting term limits for specific officer roles, such as limiting the president to only serving two terms,
- Establishing a steering committee to guide the club rather than relying on one or two individuals.
Friday, January 8, 2010
Brewing Websites: BrewAdvice.com
Users of the site can post questions they may have and other users will offer up answers. What makes it different than a traditional forum is that answers get voted on by other users. Using the theory of collective intelligence, those answers that are the most correct or most fitting will bubble to the top. Questions have tags, so it’s easy to search for similar or related to questions if you have one.
Overall, the biggest limitation of the site would be if it can’t create a sizable community to support it. Most online homebrewers participate in other large brewing forums (HomeBrew Talk, Northern Brewer, the Brewing Network, More Beer, etc) that can provide the same function: get questions answered. If BrewAdvice doesn’t grow a significant following, its unique feature of self-selecting answers may end up either not be beneficial, or just take too long for the feature to take effect (i.e. too few users).
Check it out and let us know what you think.
-JW
“It’s very hard to get pretentious about beer. You can become knowledgeable and start to talk with a highfalutin’ vocabulary. But you can only go so far with beer, and I’ve always liked that.”
-Fritz Maytag
Tuesday, January 5, 2010
Niche Beer Styles: Oyster Stout
In contemplating this, it set off the gears in my head – every niche style out there has a story of how it came to be. The gears kept spinning. Those styles need to be explored. Hey, that would make a good blogging topic. And then, poof... this blog entry wrote itself.
I’ve had stouts on my mind ever since one of the guys from our homebrew club did stout and ice cream floats at the last club meeting. My original thought was to would delve into American Stouts to find out how we Americans bastardized the European standard, but I kept coming back another stout over and over again: the enigmatic Oyster Stout. I’ve only personally run into the style once before (at the now defunct Baltimore Beer and Oyster Festival) and I remember thinking “Who the hell would think to put these meaty morsels into beer?” But you know what, it works. Something about the briny flavor of the oysters mixes with the earthy tones of a stout when its done in balance. Go figure.
While tracking down the style’s history, I came across an informative and relatively short article the beer writer Michael Jackson wrote on the origin and revival of Oyster Stouts. Oysters, being easily farmed from the sea during the 1700’s, was considered common pub grub being “as commonplace as peanuts today”. Porters and stouts were the common drink at the time, which began the bond of dark beers and oysters. Guinness even ran advertisements stating “Makes oysters come out of their shells”. The association of oysters and beer, specifically dark beers, continued until the decline of dark beers at the end of the 19th centery at the hands of the emerging pale ales. At that point, the combination of bivalve and beer stayed with society as a niche style.
Outside being an accompaniment to beer, it is theorized that oyster shells were originally used as a natural fining agent to filter the beer (similar to making a consomme broth). The first use of oysters as a brewing ingredient was credited to an unnamed New Zealand brewery in 1929. Several English brewers followed suit post WWI, where the oysters were added to the beer with the thought that it would provide additional nourishment to the malnourished populace (similar to the origin of the cream or milk stout). The trend continued until the 1960’s when the popularity of Oyster Stout again tapered off.
The contemporary revival of the Oyster Stout beer, according to Mr. Jackson, came from Bushy’s Pub on the Isle of Man in the mid 1980’s. Following the steps of earlier Isle of Man breweries from the 60's, Bushy’s Oyster Stout was developed and brewed using 5 or 6 whole oysters per barrel thrown into the brew kettle. The pattern continued with many other English breweries picked up the style and it slowly got some legs under it once more. Many so-called 'Oyster Stouts' emerged on the scene which contained no oyster in the beer at all. These brews were meant to be paired with oysters during a meal as opposed to using them as an ingredient. Marston's Oyster Stout became one of the stand out, sans-oyster Oyster Stouts in the English market.
On this side of the Atlantic, several small breweries and brewpubs carry the style as an on-and-off ‘specialty’ beer. Dogfish Head marketed a real Oyster Stout with oysters added to the kettle at flameout, although the beer has since been retired. The 21st Amendment in San Francisco continues to brew its Oyster Point Oyster Stout with real oysters added to the kettle. Rogue Ales, as part of their JLS limited series, brewed the Oyster Cloister Stout using Oregon harvested oysters, although getting your hands on any remaining bottles may be near impossible. Even Sam Adams has been rumored to have brewed an Oyster Stout for draft accounts sometime in 2009.
For those in the home brewing community, getting a good oyster stout will take you only as long as it takes to find a good recipe and brew it. While there are several recipes floating around the web, my choice would be to stick with one that comes from a reputable source. Otherwise, the endevor might be doomed from the start. A wise place to start might be the oyster stout recipe printed BYO Magazine's Mar/Apr 2005 issue (listed below for convenience).
Black Pearl Oyster Stout
(5 gallons/19 L, all-grain with bivalve mollusks)
OG = 1.052 FG = 1.013 IBU = 37 SRM = 60 ABV = 5.0%
Ingredients
9.0 lbs. (4.1 kg) 2-row pale malt
0.5 lb. (0.22 kg) flaked oats
1.0 lb. (0.45 kg) roasted barley
0.5 lb. (0.22 kg) chocolate malt
0.25 lb. (0.11 kg) black patent malt
10 oz. can raw oysters (and brine)
1 tsp. Irish moss
8.6 AAU Fuggles hops (60 mins)
(1.5 oz./43 g of 5.7% alpha acids)
4.3 AAU Fuggles hops (20 mins)
(0.75 oz./21 g of 5.7% alpha acids)
Wyeast 1084 (Irish Ale) or White Labs
WLP004 (Irish Ale) yeast
0.75 cups corn sugar (for priming)
Step-by-Step
Mash grains for 45 minutes at 152 °F (67 °C). Boil wort for 120 minutes. Add hops at times indicated. Add oysters and Irish moss with 15 minutes left. Cool wort. Transfer to fermenter, leaving oyster bits behind. (Don’t eat the oysters - they taste terrible.) Aerate, pitch yeast and ferment at 68 °F (20 °C).
Extract with grains Option
Replace 2-row pale malt with 14 oz. (0.40 kg) Briess Light dried malt extract, 3 lbs. 14 oz. (1.8 kg) Muntons Light liquid malt extract and 2.0 lbs. (0.91 kg) 2-row pale malt. In a 3 gallon (11 L) or larger stock pot, heat 1.6 gallons (6 L) of water to 163 °F (73 °C). Placed crushed grains and flaked oats in a large steeping bag and submerge bag in this hot water. Maintain temperature at 148–153 °F (64–67 °C) for 45 minutes. While grains mash, heat one gallon (3.8 L) of water to 170 °F (77 °C). Remove grain bag from steeping pot and place in colander over stock pot. Rinse grains with 0.75 gallons (2.8 L) of water from brewpot. Combine “grain tea” and dried malt extract with remaining hot water in brewpot and heat to a boil. Boil 60 minutes, adding hops at times remaining indicated in recipe. With 15 minutes left in the boil, add liquid malt extract, oysters and Irish moss. Stir thoroughly to dissolve extract. (Keep the clock running even though it will take a few minutes for the wort to resume boiling.) Cool wort and transfer to fermenter, leaving oyster bits behind. Add water to make 5 gallons (19 L). Aerate, pitch yeast and ferment at 68 °F (20 °C).
If you’ve had a decent oyster stout (either homebrew or commercial), let us know about your experience. What did you like or dislike? How would you change it?
Sláinte!
-JW
“Light beer is the invention of the Prince of Darkness”
-Inspector Morse (BBC)
Sunday, January 3, 2010
Ab Initio: From the beginning ...
Well, to me, this blog is more than just another collection of words put out there to be read by any ‘surfer who happens points their browser in this direction. These ramblings and those that will (hopefully) follow are the inspiration of a simple concept: a fraternal bond over beer. Using beer and brewing as a forum, its intended to share experiences, thoughts, and ideas to those that find their interests in the same proximity as ours. If what’s printed here ends up being entertaining, or even more importantly helpful, well then maybe there is room for just one more blog out there in the blog-o-sphere.
So what is Lug Wrench Brewing Co.? It’s a virtual brewery – a brewery with operations in both New England and Virginia. The ‘company’s’ genesis and meaning will probably be discussed in future posts, but the core beliefs are in hand-crafted brewing, beer exploration, and most importantly, camaraderie. Lug Wrench is a brewery that doesn’t have to worry about profit margins, distribution arrangements, or market share. It gets to focus on the important things: beer and the culture that surrounds it. Lug Wrench Brewing Co. could just be the best brewery you have yet to hear of.
These pages will document and share the experiences of Lug Wrench from both its Old Dominion State and Ocean State facilities. The ongoing conversation presented on theses pages is meant to stimulate dialogue, spark inspiration, and be just one more reason why we should be talking about beer. Comments and feedback on all topics (direct or tangential) are always welcome – these pages should be a two-way discussion between both the bloggers and the readers.
In spite of all the aforementioned, if nothing else, Lug Wrench is a medium to promote collaboration between two brothers who have found just one more hobby that connects them. While the physical distance between our homes never seems to diminish, the bond we share could give two shits about geography.
Sláinte!
-JW